They are particularly beneficial for vegetarians and vegans (since B12 is found primarily in animal products), older adults with reduced absorption capacity, individuals with digestive conditions such as Crohn's disease or celiac disease, and anyone who has had gastric bypass surgery
(2012) characterized GHK-Cus broad gene expression effects, establishing the tissue remodeling component of this blend [2]
Surgical procedures or conditions that affect the gut, such as gastric bypass surgery or celiac disease, can prevent intrinsic factors from binding to B12 and prevent the body from breaking it down before absorbing the vitamin
This selectivity, combined with its ability to efficiently cross cellular membranes, makes it an invaluable research tool for dissecting the specific contributions of NNMT to metabolic regulation
If you suspect you have a deficiency, its best to be tested and advised by a medical professional