Risk factors that should prompt consideration of B12 deficiency include advancing age (reduced stomach acid production), strict vegan or vegetarian diets, pernicious anaemia, gastrointestinal surgery (particularly gastric bypass or ileal resection), long-term use of certain medications (metformin, proton pump inhibitors, H2-receptor antagonists), nitrous oxide exposure (including recreational use), and conditions affecting the gut such as Crohn's disease or coeliac disease
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Why the shelf life gap exists The dramatic difference between 24 months (brand-name) and 28 to 90 days (compounded) has several explanations
There is no bad question there is no useless question because from a useless question the correct answer will come out and it will help people and I'm hoping that this helps her I was referring to the comments, not the question
[DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar] 150.Xia B, Cai GH, Yang H, Wang SP, Mitchell GA, Wu JW