The elderly (reduced absorption) Pernicious anemia Vegetarians / Vegans (low dietary B12) People taking metformin or acid reflux medications (PPIs) Post-bariatric or gastric-bypass patients Genetic variants in MTRR , MTR , or TCN2 What Has B12 Been Studied For

It includes 1-5 intramuscular or subcutaneous injections of 1000 mcg crystalline cyanocobalamin daily, followed by oral doses of 1000-2000 mcg/day Parenteral administration should be reserved for those with significant neurological symptoms NICE guideline: Vitamin B 12 deficiency in over 16s: diagnosis and management: Malabsorption as the confirmed or suspected cause of vitamin B 12 deficiency: Offer replacement to people if: lifelong intramuscular vitamin B12 Autoimmune gastritis is the cause They have had a total gastrectomy They have had a complete terminal ileal resection If the person has a vitamin B 12 deficiency because of malabsorption that is not caused by autoimmune gastritis, or a total gastrectomy or complete terminal ileal resection (for example, malabsorption caused by coeliac disease, partial gastrectomy or some forms of bariatric surgery): Offer vitamin B 12 replacement and Consider intramuscular instead of

The compounds effects on fat metabolism are particularly noteworthy
Why should I be skeptical of specific human half-life or bioavailability numbers for 5-Amino-1MQ online
Ranke MB, Savage MO, Chatelain PG, Preece MA, Rosenfeld RG, Wilton P