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Alcohol consumption and socioeconomic status associated with the risk of kidney cancer in a large Australian cohort study

Nicot was so liberal and generous with tobacco that it became known as the ambassador's herb or nicotiane the origin of the name by which we now know it

Nicotine and other chemicals in chewing tobacco have a tendency to increase blood pressure and reduce healthy blood flow, which eventually affects kidney functioning

Chronic smoking is strongly associated with increased morbidity and a marked reduction in life expectancy, with an estimated loss of up to a decade of life in developing countries [2, 3]

The smokeless tobacco products like madhu chhap, hans chhap, and miraj were identified